The Purple Tang (Zebrasoma xanthurum), also known as the “Yellowtail Tang” or “Yellowtail Surgeonfish,” is a striking marine fish well-loved in the aquarium hobby for its vibrant purple and blue hues. Native to the reefs of the Red Sea and the Arabian Peninsula, these fish add a unique splash of color to their environment.
Physical Characteristics
Coloration: True to their name, Purple Tangs have deep purple or blue-violet bodies. They are often highlighted with lighter vertical lines and sport a vivid yellow tail fin, adding a beautiful contrast.
Size: Purple Tangs can grow up to about 10 inches (25 cm) in length.
Body Shape: Like other tangs, they have a laterally compressed body with a distinctive scalpel-like spine near their tail, which they can use defensively.
Behavior and Diet
Purple Tangs are generally active swimmers and can be somewhat territorial, especially if they feel their space is threatened. In the wild, they often graze on algae, which helps keep reefs clean and reduces algae overgrowth. Their diet in captivity should include a mix of marine algae, seaweed, and other herbivorous foods. They may also eat some meaty foods on occasion.
Aquarium Care
Purple Tangs require a spacious tank—at least 100 gallons (380 liters)—as they are active swimmers that benefit from ample space to explore and graze. A tank setup with plenty of live rock is ideal, as it provides grazing surfaces and hiding spots. While generally hardy, Purple Tangs are prone to ich and other stress-related diseases if tank conditions are suboptimal.
This specimen is 5″ and in a reef aquarium
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